The Falconiera and Castellana towers are the two large square structures placed respectively in the north-western and north-eastern corners of the building.

The Castellana tower is accessible from the Rocchetta area and has always been a fundamental element since its origin. Consistent with the defensive function of the Rocchetta area, the great tower was originally built to house the soldiers' quarters.
The Falconiera tower is accessible from the Corte Ducale and the large room on the ground floor of the tower corresponds with the prestigious Sala delle Asse, the bridal chamber of Ludovico il Moro and Beatrice d'Este, decorated and designed by Leonardo and now part of the Museum of Ancient Art. The summit of the tower, reached by following the walkways along the battlements, was a place of shelter for the falcons destined for the ducal hunt, from which the tower took its name.